VAR Academy

Evergreen explainers on VAR, Laws of the Game, and refereeing decisions.
Cards Intermediate Law 12

Reckless Tackles: The Yellow Card Threshold

Reckless Tackles: The Yellow Card Threshold sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that.

• 2 min read
Cards Advanced Law 12

Excessive Force: Red Card Indicators

Excessive Force: Red Card Indicators sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that requires a.

• 2 min read
Cards Beginner VAR Protocol

Second Yellow Cards: Why VAR Can’t Intervene

Second Yellow Cards: Why VAR Can’t Intervene is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not re-referee every incident. Instead, it.

• 2 min read
Cards Beginner Law 12

Dissent: When Referees Can Caution

Dissent: When Referees Can Caution is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually depends on sequence, law wording and the way match.

• 2 min read
Cards Beginner Law 12

SPA vs DOGSO: Promising Attack vs Obvious Chance

SPA vs DOGSO: Promising Attack vs Obvious Chance sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that.

• 2 min read
Cards Intermediate Law 12

Serious Foul Play vs Violent Conduct

Serious Foul Play vs Violent Conduct sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that requires a.

• 2 min read
Cards Intermediate Law 12

DOGSO Explained: Obvious Goal-Scoring Opportunity

DOGSO Explained: Obvious Goal-Scoring Opportunity sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that.

• 2 min read
Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Penalty vs No Penalty: Shoulder-to-Shoulder Contact

Penalty vs No Penalty: Shoulder-to-Shoulder Contact is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all.

• 2 min read
Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Penalty Incidents: Late Contact After a Shot

Penalty Incidents: Late Contact After a Shot is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all matter.

• 2 min read
Penalties Advanced VAR Protocol

Soft Contact: When VAR Won’t Overturn a Penalty

Soft Contact: When VAR Won’t Overturn a Penalty is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not re-referee every incident. Instead,.

• 2 min read