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VAR Academy

In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

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LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
Sliding Challenges: Handball While on the GroundSliding Challenges: Handball While on the Ground is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Accidental Handball vs ‘Blocking’: Practical ExamplesAccidental Handball vs ‘Blocking’: Practical Examples is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Arm Movement Toward the Ball: What MattersArm Movement Toward the Ball: What Matters is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Handball in the Build-Up to a GoalHandball in the Build-Up to a Goal is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every… Advanced Handball 2 min read
Deflections: Does a Deflection Excuse Handball?Deflections: Does a Deflection Excuse Handball? is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on… Advanced Handball 2 min read
Handball 101: Punishable vs Non-PunishableHandball 101: Punishable vs Non-Punishable is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact… Beginner Handball 2 min read
Unnaturally Bigger: The Key Handball ConceptUnnaturally Bigger: The Key Handball Concept is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Offside: Challenging for the Ball vs Merely RunningOffside: Challenging for the Ball vs Merely Running is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often… Intermediate Offside 2 min read
Offside: Touching the Ball After a Teammate ShotOffside: Touching the Ball After a Teammate Shot is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often… Intermediate Offside 2 min read
Offside on Goalkeeper Saves: Rebounds and AdvantageOffside on Goalkeeper Saves: Rebounds and Advantage is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend… Advanced Offside 2 min read
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