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VAR Academy

In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

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LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
Pushes and Pulls: Penalty Area Fouls ExplainedPushes and Pulls: Penalty Area Fouls Explained is one of the most debated areas of modern football because… Intermediate Penalties 2 min read
Holding on Set Pieces: When It’s a PenaltyHolding on Set Pieces: When It’s a Penalty is one of the most debated areas of modern football… Intermediate Penalties 2 min read
Simulation: When a Dive Becomes MisconductSimulation: When a Dive Becomes Misconduct is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually depends… Intermediate Penalties 2 min read
Goalkeeper Challenges: ‘Got the Ball’ Isn’t ImmunityGoalkeeper Challenges: ‘Got the Ball’ Isn’t Immunity matters because goalkeepers have special protections and special restrictions under the… Intermediate Penalties 2 min read
Attacker Initiates Contact: No Penalty ScenariosAttacker Initiates Contact: No Penalty Scenarios is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing,… Advanced Penalties 2 min read
Penalty Decisions: Careless, Reckless, Excessive ForcePenalty Decisions: Careless, Reckless, Excessive Force is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing,… Beginner Penalties 2 min read
Inside vs Outside the Box: The Line Counts as InsideInside vs Outside the Box: The Line Counts as Inside is a useful referee education topic because the… Beginner Penalties 2 min read
Handball in UEFA vs Domestic Leagues: Why It Feels DifferentHandball in UEFA vs Domestic Leagues: Why It Feels Different is one of the hardest decisions for referees… Advanced Handball 2 min read
Handball: Close Distance and Reaction TimeHandball: Close Distance and Reaction Time is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand… Advanced Handball 2 min read
Handball: Arms Above Shoulder HeightHandball: Arms Above Shoulder Height is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
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