VAR Academy

Evergreen explainers on VAR, Laws of the Game, and refereeing decisions.
Game Management Intermediate Law 14

Semi‑Automated Offside Technology – Referee Academy Lesson 90

Semi‑Automated Offside Technology is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on whether a touch is a rebound, a save, or a.

• 2 min read
Game Management Advanced Law 5

Handball and Arm Position Explained – Referee Academy Lesson 91

Handball and Arm Position Explained is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is an offence. Under IFAB Law 12,.

• 2 min read
Penalties Advanced VAR Protocol

Passive Offside Situations in Modern Football – Referee Academy Lesson 92

Passive Offside Situations in Modern Football is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on whether a touch is a rebound, a.

• 2 min read
Offside Advanced Law 14

VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 93

VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not re-referee every incident. Instead, it.

• 2 min read
Game Management Advanced Law 13

DOGSO and Red Card Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 94

DOGSO and Red Card Decisions sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that requires a caution or.

• 2 min read
VAR Beginner Law 12

Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties – Referee Academy Lesson 95

Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all matter at the exact.

• 2 min read
Referee Mechanics Advanced Law 13

Offside After Deflections and Saves – Referee Academy Lesson 96

Offside After Deflections and Saves is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on whether a touch is a rebound, a save, or a.

• 2 min read
Handball Intermediate Law 14

Supporting Arm Handball Situations – Referee Academy Lesson 97

Supporting Arm Handball Situations is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is an offence. Under IFAB Law 12,.

• 2 min read
Handball Beginner Law 12

Referee Positioning During Counterattacks – Referee Academy Lesson 98

Referee Positioning During Counterattacks is about decision-making before the whistle as much as after it. Good refereeing mechanics improve angle,.

• 2 min read
VAR Intermediate Law 13

Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges – Referee Academy Lesson 99

Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football contact from misconduct that requires.

• 2 min read