VAR Academy

Evergreen explainers on VAR, Laws of the Game, and refereeing decisions.
Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Pushes and Pulls: Penalty Area Fouls Explained

Pushes and Pulls: Penalty Area Fouls Explained is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all.

Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Holding on Set Pieces: When It’s a Penalty

Holding on Set Pieces: When It’s a Penalty is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all matter at.

Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Simulation: When a Dive Becomes Misconduct

Simulation: When a Dive Becomes Misconduct is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually depends on sequence, law wording and the.

Penalties Intermediate Law 12

Goalkeeper Challenges: ‘Got the Ball’ Isn’t Immunity

Goalkeeper Challenges: ‘Got the Ball’ Isn’t Immunity matters because goalkeepers have special protections and special restrictions under the Laws of the.

Penalties Advanced Law 12

Attacker Initiates Contact: No Penalty Scenarios

Attacker Initiates Contact: No Penalty Scenarios is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions all.

Penalties Beginner Law 12

Penalty Decisions: Careless, Reckless, Excessive Force

Penalty Decisions: Careless, Reckless, Excessive Force is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player positions.

Penalties Beginner Law 1

Inside vs Outside the Box: The Line Counts as Inside

Inside vs Outside the Box: The Line Counts as Inside is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually depends on sequence, law wording.

Handball Advanced Law 12

Handball in UEFA vs Domestic Leagues: Why It Feels Different

Handball in UEFA vs Domestic Leagues: Why It Feels Different is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is an.

Handball Advanced Law 12

Handball: Close Distance and Reaction Time

Handball: Close Distance and Reaction Time is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is an offence. Under IFAB.

Handball Intermediate Law 12

Handball: Arms Above Shoulder Height

Handball: Arms Above Shoulder Height is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is an offence. Under IFAB Law 12,.