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Beginner

In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

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LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
Second Yellow Cards: Why VAR Can’t InterveneSecond Yellow Cards: Why VAR Can’t Intervene is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does… Beginner Cards 2 min read
Dissent: When Referees Can CautionDissent: When Referees Can Caution is a useful referee education topic because the right answer usually depends on… Beginner Cards 2 min read
SPA vs DOGSO: Promising Attack vs Obvious ChanceSPA vs DOGSO: Promising Attack vs Obvious Chance sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must… Beginner Cards 2 min read
Goal Kicks: When the Ball Is in PlayGoal Kicks: When the Ball Is in Play is a useful referee education topic because the right answer… Beginner Restarts 2 min read
Dropped Ball: When It’s UsedDropped Ball: When It’s Used is a useful lesson because many controversial decisions come from restarts and match… Beginner Restarts 2 min read
Throw-Ins: Technique, Foot Position, and Foul ThrowsThrow-Ins: Technique, Foot Position, and Foul Throws sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate… Beginner Restarts 2 min read
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