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VAR Academy

In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

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LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
VAR Communication Between Referee and Booth – Referee Academy Lesson 147VAR Communication Between Referee and Booth is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Advanced Disciplinary 2 min read
Delaying the Restart of Play Explained – Referee Academy Lesson 148Delaying the Restart of Play Explained is a useful lesson because many controversial decisions come from restarts and… Advanced Disciplinary 2 min read
Contact in the Penalty Area Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 149Contact in the Penalty Area Decisions is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing,… Beginner Referee Mechanics 2 min read
VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 153VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Advanced Handball 2 min read
DOGSO and Red Card Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 154DOGSO and Red Card Decisions sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football… Advanced Game Management 2 min read
Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties – Referee Academy Lesson 155Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Offside After Deflections and Saves – Referee Academy Lesson 156Offside After Deflections and Saves is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on whether… Advanced Game Management 2 min read
Supporting Arm Handball Situations – Referee Academy Lesson 157Supporting Arm Handball Situations is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is… Beginner Disciplinary 2 min read
Referee Positioning During Counterattacks – Referee Academy Lesson 158Referee Positioning During Counterattacks is about decision-making before the whistle as much as after it. Good refereeing mechanics… Intermediate Handball 2 min read
Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges – Referee Academy Lesson 159Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal… Advanced Penalties 2 min read
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