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In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

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LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges – Referee Academy Lesson 219Serious Foul Play vs Reckless Challenges sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal… Advanced Disciplinary 2 min read
VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 183VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Advanced Penalties 2 min read
Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties – Referee Academy Lesson 185Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and… Advanced Referee Mechanics 2 min read
Referee Positioning During Counterattacks – Referee Academy Lesson 188Referee Positioning During Counterattacks is about decision-making before the whistle as much as after it. Good refereeing mechanics… Advanced Offside 2 min read
Backpass Law and Goalkeeper Restrictions – Referee Academy Lesson 191Backpass Law and Goalkeeper Restrictions matters because goalkeepers have special protections and special restrictions under the Laws of… Advanced Referee Mechanics 2 min read
Contact in the Penalty Area Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 194Contact in the Penalty Area Decisions is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing,… Advanced Game Management 2 min read
VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 198VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Advanced Offside 2 min read
DOGSO and Red Card Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 199DOGSO and Red Card Decisions sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football… Advanced Game Management 2 min read
Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties – Referee Academy Lesson 200Goalkeeper Movement on Penalties is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and… Advanced Penalties 2 min read
DOGSO and Red Card Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 169DOGSO and Red Card Decisions sits at the heart of Law 12 because referees must separate normal football… Advanced Disciplinary 2 min read
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