Subscribe
Home › VAR Academy

Beginner

In-depth lessons and guides to improve your understanding of VAR, Laws of the Game and refereeing.

Sort by: Newest First⌄
LessonLevelCategoryRead TimeDate
Referee Positioning During Counterattacks – Referee Academy Lesson 248Referee Positioning During Counterattacks is about decision-making before the whistle as much as after it. Good refereeing mechanics… Beginner Game Management 2 min read
Penalty Encroachment Rules – Referee Academy Lesson 250Penalty Encroachment Rules is one of the most debated areas of modern football because timing, movement and player… Beginner VAR 2 min read
VAR Communication Between Referee and Booth – Referee Academy Lesson 252VAR Communication Between Referee and Booth is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Beginner Offside 2 min read
Delaying the Restart of Play Explained – Referee Academy Lesson 253Delaying the Restart of Play Explained is a useful lesson because many controversial decisions come from restarts and… Beginner Penalties 2 min read
Semi‑Automated Offside Technology – Referee Academy Lesson 255Semi‑Automated Offside Technology is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on whether a touch… Beginner Referee Mechanics 2 min read
Handball and Arm Position Explained – Referee Academy Lesson 256Handball and Arm Position Explained is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact… Beginner Penalties 2 min read
Passive Offside Situations in Modern Football – Referee Academy Lesson 257Passive Offside Situations in Modern Football is a classic Law 11 situation because offside decisions often depend on… Beginner Disciplinary 2 min read
VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions – Referee Academy Lesson 258VAR Review Process for Penalty Decisions is central to modern refereeing because the IFAB VAR Protocol does not… Beginner Offside 2 min read
Supporting Arm Handball Situations – Referee Academy Lesson 232Supporting Arm Handball Situations is one of the hardest decisions for referees because not every ball-to-hand contact is… Beginner VAR 2 min read
Delaying the Restart of Play Explained – Referee Academy Lesson 238Delaying the Restart of Play Explained is a useful lesson because many controversial decisions come from restarts and… Beginner Handball 2 min read
Stay Updated

Get the latest lessons and referee insights delivered to your inbox.

Join readers who want to keep improving their understanding of the game.

Subscribe